社会工作理论的两种书写方式

Two Styles of Writing for Social Work Theory

当前存在两种社会工作理论的书写方式:一种是佩恩倡导的“工作型社会工作理论”,另一种是加勒特推进的“社会取向的社会工作理论”。前者为社会工作实践提供一个处方,直接推动了社会工作实务的发展,但难以合理化的解释社会工作实务的结果、机制。后者有助于解释社会工作实务的结果和机制,但尚未发展出一套社会工作实务模型。在推进社会工作学科建设的背景下,无论是工作型社会工作理论还是社会取向的社会工作理论亟待重构。重构社会工作理论有三条进路:第一,对“工作型社会工作理论”引入机制分析;第二,在“社会取向的社会工作理论”基础上发展出一套社会工作实务模型;第三,整合“工作型社会工作理论”与“社会取向的社会工作理论”。

There are two styles of writing for social work theory.One is Payne’s work-oriented social work theory.The other is Garrett’s social-oriented social work theory.The former gives a prescription for social work practice and directly propels the practice,which,however,has trouble in rationalizing the results and mechanisms of the practice.The latter helps to explain the results and mechanisms of social work practice but has not yet developed a model for it.This paper tries to further explore the possibility of reconstructing social work theories,holding that there are three approaches for the propose:first,introduce mechanism analysis of“the work-oriented social work theory”;second,come up with a practical model of social work on the basis of“the society-oriented social work theory”;third,integrate“the work-oriented social work theory”and“the society-oriented social work theory”.