轮胎对FSAE赛车操纵稳定性的影响

Influence of Tire on Handling Stability of FSAE Racing Car:An Experimental and Numerical Investigation

轮胎是赛车与地面接触的唯一部件,研究轮胎的性能对提升赛车性能,尤其是操纵稳定性有着重要的意义。通过对轮胎力学特性数据的整理拟合以及两款典型轮胎的数据对比,预测了不同轮胎的特性。通过仿真软件OptimumT生成轮胎的pacejak2002轮胎文件,在ADAMS中进行了方向盘角阶跃输入和单移线仿真,比较赛车装备不同轮胎时的响应。结果表明:不同种类轮胎的侧偏刚度有着较大的差异;轮胎的侧偏刚度对赛车的瞬态响应性能有很大的影响,其响应时间与前轮的侧偏刚度成反比关系,横摆角速度增益与前轮侧偏刚度成正比关系。

Tires are the only part of the car that contacts with the ground.Studying the performance of the tires is important for improving the performance of the car,especially the stability of the car.The characteristics of different tires were predicted by the data sorting and fitting of the mechanical properties of the tires and the comparison of the data of the two typical tires.The pacejak2002 tire file of the tire was generated by the simulation software OptimumT,and the steering wheel angle step input and single shift line simula⁃tion were performed in the ADAMS to compare the response of the racing car with different tires.The results show that the lateral stiff⁃ness of different types of tires has a large difference;the lateral stiffness of the tire has a great influence on the transient response per⁃formance of the car,and the response time is inversely proportional to the cornering stiffness of the front wheel.The angular velocity gain is proportional to the front wheel side deflection stiffness.