体育赛事组织者的传播权如何实现——从域外经验到中国实践

How to Realize the Broadcasting Rights of Sports Organizers:From Western Experience to Chinese Practice

体育赛事组织者是指组织、策划体育赛事,享有相关权利并承担相应义务的个人或组织。传播技术的发展使体育赛事的观众规模迅速扩大,在带来巨大收益的同时,也让体育赛事组织者面临权利保护的难题。鉴于我国当前无明确保护体育赛事组织者传播权的法律,以往的相关判决中常用体育赛事组织的章程证明体育赛事组织者对其体育赛事享有传播权。体育赛事组织的章程具备一定的法律效力,但由于赛事传播权属于绝对性权利,而体育赛事组织不具备立法主体资格,其章程规定不能作为体育赛事组织者享有赛事传播权利的法律依据。对比他国采取的保护模式,认为我国可在《体育法》《著作权法》上明确对体育赛事组织者传播权的保护,同时权利人还可借助《合同法》《物权法》的相关规定,主张其对体育赛事节目享有的控制权。

Sports organizers refer to individuals or organizations that organize and plan sporting events,enjoy relevant rights and assume corresponding obligations.The development of technology has enlarged the scale of the audience of sporting events,bringing in greater profits and difficulties in the protection of such rights.Considering no laws in China to protect the broadcasting rights of sporting events,some courts have cited the by-laws of the sports organizers to secure such rights for them.By-laws of the sports organizations have some sort of legal effectiveness.But since the sports organizations are not qualified legislators,the rules set by them have no legal basis.The study compared several ways of protection among different jurisdictions in western countries and concluded that China could stipulate sports broadcasting right in its Sports Law and amend its Copyright Law to protect audiovisual works of sporting events.And the sports organizers could also cite property law and contract law to argue that they have control over the dissemination of sporting events information.