宋代不同官员群体的回授制度

Suitability for the Job: the Feedback System of Different Officials in the Song Dynasty

回授指官员将自身应迁之官或所改服色转授给他人的一项制度,本质上属于恩赏的再分配。社会身份不同,官员所享受的回授待遇也不同,这是宋政府“因职制宜”的结果。按照社会身份的不同,回授大体可划分为普通文武官回授、宗室官回授、后妃回授、宦官回授、伎术官回授等几类。在制度史研究中,在注重探讨不同制度之间联系的同时,学者亦应更多关注制度在不同时空、不同群体中的差异。

Feedback is a system in which officials make an application to transfer their or relatives'rewards to others,which essentially belongs to the redistribution of reward.Different social identities,the rewards enjoyed by officials are also different.This is the result of the Song government’s“suitability for the job”.According to social status,it can be divided into the feedback of civil and military officials,the feedback of imperial clan,the feedback of empresses and imperial concubines,the feedback of eunuchs,and the feedback of sergeants.Through the study of this topic,we try to explain that in the study of institutional history,scholars should pay more attention to the differences in different time,space and groups.