摘要
外国恐怖主义作战人员现象及其嬗变使各国面临国际恐怖主义的跨国流动性以及暴力危害性升级的挑战。联合国安理会第2178(2014)号决议作为因应恐怖主义活动流动性问题的靶向性机制,将人员跨国流动规范融入国际反恐领域,搭建起两者关系交互的“结构性”安全框架。遏制恐怖分子跨国流动的预防性法律机制包含三大进路:基于“法法衔接”方法构筑总体安全战略,实施边境管控阻断恐怖分子的跨国流动,将人员跨国流动行为纳入可罚性的犯罪预备行为范畴。由于国家扩大或更积极地行使预防恐怖主义的行政权与刑罚权,在维护国家安全与保护个人基本权利之间形成对垒。预防性机制不应是国家安全政策的非理性扩张与反恐工具性价值取向的膨胀,须遵从法治并恪守国际人权标准的边界。
The phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters and its evolution make countries facing new challenges of transnational mobility of terrorism and escalation of violence.With UN Security Council Resolution 2178(2014),a targeted mechanism is constructed to integrate the cross-border movement of persons into the international counter-terrorism area,which establishes a“structural”security framework to address the threats posed by the cross-border terrorism activities.The legal preventive meachanism includes three major ways:to build an overall security strategy based on the“law-to-law convergence”,to implement border controlling to restrict and block the cross-border movement of terrorists,and to crimilise the transnational movement for terrorism purpose as preparatory crime.Nevertheless,since the countries expand or more actively exercise the administrative and criminal punishable powers for the prevention of terrorism,there is a tension between maintaining national security and protection of the fundamental rights of individuals.The legal preventive mechanism should not be the irrational expansions relating to national security policy and the value orientation of counter-terrorism,but comply with the rule of law and abide by the boundaries of international human rights.
出处
《国际法研究》
2020年第1期16-34,共19页
Chinese Review of International Law
