《巴门尼德》与柏拉图式辩证术

Parmenides and Platonic Dialectics

《巴门尼德》的主题是形相论(理念论)与辩证术,柏拉图式辩证术问题与他应对智术师运动及其背后的前苏格拉底“存在之战”直接相关。本文考察柏拉图改造修辞术为辩证术的过程和哲学意义,以此定位形相与辩证术的位置。《巴门尼德》的形相论批判和辩证术展示指向共同的目的,即呈现逻辑推理与范畴描述对于人类认识存在的作用及限度,并由此凸显辩证术对于哲学探究新路彳圣的意义,这篇对话传达了柏拉图对人类认识与存在之问的深刻反思。

Focused on Plato’s discussion on logos,this paper investigates the transition from rhetoric to dialectic and its significance,thus revealing the position of dialectics in Plato’s philosophy.On the Basis of the relationship between dialectics and philosophy,the question of eidos can be put in its right place.Parmenides as a whole reveals the limitation of arguments and categories in recognizing the ultimate reality.Therefore,Parmenides emphasizes the significance of dialectics to philosophizing and Plato’s profound reflection on the relationship between metaphysics and philosophy.