云南佤族村落火灾频发原因及应对方式探析(1959-1986)

A Preliminary Study on the Causes and Countermeasures of Frequent Fire Disasters in Wa Villages(1959-1986)

我国佤族主要聚居在云南省的西南边境,聚居区具有旱季时间长、干燥多风的特点,又因该地区长期沿袭传统用火居住习俗,故而成为火灾频发区;在长期应对火灾过程中,不仅形成了旱季巡寨制度、建立粮仓等行之有效的防火减灾措施,还出现了具有民族特色的新火节,随着社会的发展,当地逐渐摒弃了传统用火方式以及房屋结构,在客观上降低了火灾发生可能性,而灾后的乡里互助和禳灾仪式,很大程度上减少了受灾群众的物质及精神负担。

The Wa people mainly live in the southwest border of Yunnan Province,the settlement area has a long dry and windy season,the area has long followed the traditional habit of living with fire,and it has become a fire-prone area.In the long-term fire response process,they formed the dry season patrol system,the establishment of granary and other effective fire prevention and disaster reduction measures,and developed a unique New Fire Festival.With the development of the society,the traditional fire use and the structure of the house are gradually changed,which reduces the possibility of fire disasters.After the disaster,the rural mutual assistance and disaster ceremony greatly reduced the material and spiritual burden of the affected people.