五四时期产业工人题材小说类型及文学史意义

Two Types of Novels About Industrial Workers During the May Fourth Movement: Their Impact of Literary History

在五四新文学颇为兴盛的1920年代初期,中国产业工人的规模也在迅速扩大,成为影响中国社会的一股重要力量,尤其是他们举行的一次次大罢工,对中国社会、政治产生了重要影响。但是高举现实主义文学旗帜、高标“为人生”的五四新文学对这一群体的关注是不够的,只有少数主流作家关注到这一群体,相关作品数量也极为有限,与之形成鲜明对比的是,一些从事政治运动的文人为了进行革命宣传,面向产业工人创办刊物,创作了数量不菲的以产业工人为题材的小说,与主流作家的创作形成互补之势,真正体现了“平民文学”“改良人生”的文学主张。

The novels about industrial workers in the May Fourth period can be divided into two types:one is the creation of mainstream writers,the other is the creation of political intellectuals for the purpose of publicizing the revolution.The former seems to write about industrial workers,but in fact is more inclined to the survival dilemma and the reflections on life of intellectuals and shows typical characteristics of them.The latter directly draws on the daily life of industrial workers and takes them as the target readers,these works not only use clear language but also focus on the daily life of industrial workers.They truly implements the literary appeal of enlightening the public and improving the life.So when we talk about the May Fourth new-vernacular literature,in addition to focusing on mainstream writers,we should also have a top-down view,and find out those works which have been forgotten by years but played a significant role in social mobilization works.It is because of these works that the May Fourth new-vernacular literature has laid a solid and abundant foundation,which enables the new literature to successfully occupy the social position and to continue the history.