支持还是抑制?网络嵌入创业绩效有效性测量

Support or Inhibit? Effectiveness of Network Embedding and Entrepreneurial Performance

网络嵌入创业绩效增长现象呈现出较大的理论张力和结论分歧,既有研究无法弥合理论鸿沟,对情境要素变量关注不足,难以解释网络嵌入机制的动态性差异。采用Meta分析,搭建81项研究(115个独立样本)数据库,从关系强度、网络结构、网络规模、网络异质性4个维度构建网络嵌入创业绩效解释性框架,并抽象出3个情境因素:企业特性、经济体制环境、测量方式,以其为调节变量,探索网络嵌入创业绩效的普遍规律与内在机理。结果表明,社会网络显著提升了创业绩效(ES1=0.239),其中网络规模与网络结构对创业绩效的作用程度较高。新创企业对社会网络与创业绩效的关系具备正向调节作用;高科技企业对强联结嵌入创业绩效存在负向调节作用,对规模网络嵌入创业绩效存在正向调节作用;新兴经济体对关键节点嵌入创业绩效存在正向调节作用;同时,创业绩效测量方式是影响研究异质性来源的重要原因。研究揭示了网络作用机制的权变特性,提升了社会网络理论解释力。上述结论对特定情境下企业策略使用联结与动态调适网络联盟具有一定指导意义。

Divergence and theoretical tension emerge on the phenomenon of network embedding entrepreneurial performance growth,while existing research cannot bridge the theoretical gap as well as insufficient attention to contextual factors,thus failed to explain the dynamic difference of network embedding mechanism.In this paper,Meta-analysis was employed to build a database of 81 studies(115 independent samples),in an attempt to build an explanatory framework for the impact of network embedded entrepreneurial performance from tie strength,network structure,network scale and network heterogeneity,with three contextual factors abstracted as moderating variables:enterprise characteristics,economic system environment and measurement mode,exploring the general rule and internal mechanism of network embedding entrepreneurial performance.The results show that social networks significantly improves entrepreneurial performance(ES1=0.239),among which network size and network structure plays a significant role.The nascent has a positive regulating effect on the relationship between social network and entrepreneurial performance.High-tech enterprises have a negative moderating effect on the relationship between strong ties and entrepreneurial performance,and a positive moderating effect on the relationship between network size and entrepreneurial performance.The relationship between network structure and entrepreneurial performance is positively moderated in countries with economic transition.The measurement method of entrepreneurial performance is an important reason affecting the source of heterogeneity simultaneously.The study reveals the contingency characteristics of network action mechanism and enhances the explanatory power of social network theory.The above conclusions also exert tremendous profound on enterprises’strategy ties and dynamic adaptive network alliance under specificcircumstances.