1-甲基环丙烯处理对台湾青枣果实采后病害的抑制

Inhibitory Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene on Postharvest Disease of Indian Jujube Fruit during Storage

为研究1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理对果实病害与抗病性诱导的影响,采用1.8μL/L 1-MCP处理“中青”台湾青枣果实12 h后在(15±1)℃下贮藏。定期观察果实腐烂和病害情况,测定总酚、木质素含量及抗病相关酶[β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GLU)、几丁质酶(CHI)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)]活性的变化。结果表明:1-MCP处理在贮藏前期诱导了台湾青枣果实病程相关蛋白(GLU和CHI)活性上升,两者协同作用直接抵抗病原体;同时,1-MCP处理还诱导了台湾青枣果实PAL活性上升,增加了细胞内木质素和总酚含量的积累,有利于形成间接抵抗病原体的结构性障碍;1-MCP处理的果实腐烂指数和病害指数显著低于对照,台湾青枣果实采后1-MCP处理减轻了果实贮藏期间病害的发生,减少采后腐烂损失。这些结果说明1-MCP抑制台湾青枣果实采后病害与其诱导抗病相关酶活性的升高有关。

The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatment on controlling postharvest decay in Ziziphus mauritiana fruit and the possible mechanisms were investigated.The harvested“Zhongqin”Indian jujube(Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.cv.Zhongqing)fruit were treated with 0 and 1.8μL/L 1-MCP for 12 h respectively,and then stored at(15±1)℃.During storage,fruit decay index,disease index,activities of disease defense-related enzymes of“Zhongqin”Indian jujube,including chitinase(CHI),β-1,3-glucanase(GLU),phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL)and the content of phenolics and lignin were determined.The results indicated that 1-MCP treatment had significantly lower decay index and disease index than control;CHI and GLU were rapidly synthesized at early storage which directly attack microbial cell wall together and form the first defensive line to pathogen;on the other hand PAL activities increased quickly leading the increasing phenolics and lignin content,which formed the structural barriers and the second defensive line to pathogen.These results suggest that the inhibition of postharvest disease of Indian jujube fruit by 1-MCP was related to the induction of defensive enzyme activities.