职业社会学视角下中国档案职业专业化程度分析:“知能”的垄断性

Analysis of Professionalization Degree of Archival Occupation in China from the Perspective of the Sociology of Professions:Monopoly of Knowledge and Skills System

对中国档案职业的现状进行定位是引导中国档案职业专业化发展的前提。本文基于职业专业化理论,以中国档案职业入口为考察范围,一方面,通过对档案职业的“入口”标准进行定性推断,发现档案职业以行政资质的考察代替了专业资质的考察;另一方面,采用二次分析的研究方法统计了2009—2018年的国家公务员考试中的档案职位数据,从“仅向档案专业开放的档案职位”“向档案专业和其他专业同时开放的档案职位”和“不向档案专业开放的档案职位”三个层次对学科结构和专业结构进行分析,发现档案专业具有广泛的可被替代性。

Positioning the current situation of China's archival occupation is the premise to guide the professional developm ent of C h in a’s archival occupation.Based on the theory of occupation professionalization,this paper takes the“entrance”of Chinese archival occupation as the scope of investigation.O n the one hand,through qualitative inference of the“entrance”standard of archival occupation,it is found that the inspection of administrative qualification replaces the inspection of professional qualification.O n the other hand,the data of archival positions in the national civil service examination from 2009 to 2018 are counted by the m ethod of secondary analysis.This paper analyses the subject structure and professional structure from three levels:archives posts only open to archives major,archives posts open simultaneously to archives major and other specialities,and archives posts not open to archives major,and finds that archives major can be widely replaced.