巴特勒与大学校长教育哲学的时代定位

The Time Choice of University President’s Educational Philosophy:Reflection Based on Butler’s Educational Philosophy Thoughts

美国哥伦比亚大学首任校长尼古拉斯·巴特勒的教育哲学思想体现了进步主义的若干基本观念,为大学校长丰富和发展自己的教育哲学思想时准确把握所处时代的趋势和主流教育价值提供了借鉴。在社会进化论的影响下,巴特勒的教育本质观认为教育的本质是幼儿从生理和精神方面对人类社会环境的适应。在理性主义的影响下,巴特勒的知识观认为包含科学知识和哲学知识在内的人类共通知识最有价值。在民主观念的影响下,巴特勒认为应通过公民教育的途径来实现教育的政治价值。要成为教育家型校长,当今大学校长需要结合时代和社会的需求重新反思教育本质,建设系统的科学教育体系和人文教育体系,采取新的方法与途径对学生进行公民教育。

The educational philosophy thoughts of Nicholas Butler, the first president of Columbia University in the United States, embodies several basic concepts of progressivism, and provides a reference for university presidents to accurately grasp the trend of the times and the mainstream educational value when they enrich and develop their educational philosophy. Under the influence of social evolution theory,Butler’s view on the nature of education holds that the essence of education is the adaptation of young children to the human social environment from the physical and spiritual aspects. Under the influence of rationalism, Butler’s view of knowledge holds that the common knowledge of mankind, including scientific knowledge and philosophical knowledge, is the most valuable. Under the influence of the concept of democracy, Butler believed that the political value of education should be realized through the way of civic education. To become an educator-type principal, today’s university principals need to rethink the nature of education in light of the needs of the times and society, build a systematic science education system and a humanities education system, and adopt new methods and approaches to civic education for students.