列举格式“VP啊”的主观情感立场与时间认知

On the Emotional Stance and Time Cognition of the Enumeration Construction ‘VP ■’

动词性列举格式"VP啊"有词汇表达类和句法表达类两种形式。词汇表达类由于有列举标记语,功能比较单纯,通过"列举"强化说明功能。但句法表达类则比较复杂,不限于"列举",在使用中,往往带有正向或负向的主观情感立场,关联着时间认知。其中"啊"顺应表达的情感基调,调整着表达的情感立场。鉴于句法、语义上的一致性,与"啊"有关的动词性句法列举表达应是一个语义有关联的连续统,位于连续统两端的"多项动作行为的平行累加"和"相同动作行为重复"的情感立场呈"正向优先-负向优先",时间认知呈"短时间-长时间",语音形式(时长)上"啊"呈"最短-最长"这一总体对立格局。

Two forms of the verbal enumeration ‘VP ā(啊)’ are analyzed:the lexical and the syntactic.The function of the lexical form is relatively simple,mainly to strengthen the explanatory force,but that of the syntactic form is more complicated,not limited to ‘enumeration’.In actual use,the syntactic form often indicates a positive or negative emotional stance associated with time cognition,whereināconforms to the emotional tone of expression and adjusts the emotional stance of expression.In view of syntactic and semantic consistency,syntactic enumeration related to ā should be a semantically related continuum,‘parallel accumulation of multiple actions’ and ‘repetition of the same action’ at the two ends of the continuum.The emotional stance ranges across ‘positive prioritynegative priority’;the time cognition across ‘short time-long time’;and the time duration of ā in its phonetic form also shows the opposition pattern of‘shortest-longest’.