汉语隐性和显性主语代词的回指偏向研究——对“先行词句法位置假说”的验证

Anaphoric Preferences of Chinese Null and Overt Subject Pronouns:Testing and Refining the Position of Antecedent Hypothesis

根据"先行词句法位置假说",在句内层面隐性主语偏向回指前句主语,显性主语代词偏向回指前句宾语。该假说是基于意大利语提出的,是否适用于汉语有待检验。本研究基于自建语料库和"HSK动态作文语料库",从母语和二语角度探讨"先行词句法位置假说"是否适用于汉语。结果表明,汉语母语者使用的隐性主语偏向回指前句主语,但他们使用的显性主语代词无明确回指偏向,而母语为英语和日语的汉语二语者使用的隐性和显性主语代词均偏向回指前句主语。研究结果不支持"先行词句法位置假说"。文章还对该假说不适用于汉语的原因进行了深入剖析。

For Italianintra-sentential anaphora,the Position of Antecedent Hypothesis(PAH)claims that a null pronoun prefers an antecedent in a subject position while an overt pronoun favors an antecedent in an object position.However,there is still paucity in research on its validity in Chinese.Based on a self-built corpus of native Chinese compositions and the HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus,this studyaims to test the PAH,investigating anaphoric references of null and overt subject pronouns in native Chinese as well as L1-English and L1-Japanese learners’ Chinese.The results reveal that,for native Chinese speakers,a null pronoun tends to refer to an antecedent in a subject position while an overt pronoun shows no preference towards different syntactic positions.Unlike native speakers’ Chinese,both the null and overt subject pronouns used by L1-Japanese and L1-English learners of Chinese tend to refer to the antecedents in the subject position.Possible reasons are also explored on account of our finding that the PAH is not attested in Chinese.