贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性红外相机初步监测

Camera-trapping survey on mammals and birds in Guizhou Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve

红外相机监测是了解野生动物多样性和威胁因素的重要手段。本研究采用网格法和分层抽样调查法,在贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区内选取20个监测位点布设红外相机,对区内鸟兽物种多样性进行监测。2015年8月至2017年8月,红外相机累计工作6,370个工作日,共拍摄45,953张照片,独立有效照片1,936张。准确鉴定出兽类4目8科19种,鸟类4目11科28种,其中,国家II级重点保护野生动物7种。相对丰富度指数(RAI)排前五位的兽类依次是毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)、鼬獾(Melogale moschata)、藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)、小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)和野猪(Sus scrofa);鸟类依次是紫啸鸫(Myophonus caeruleus)、红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)、灰胸竹鸡(Bambusicola thoracicus)、黑喉噪鹛(Garrulax chinensis)和棕颈钩嘴鹛(Pomatorhinus ruficollis)。物种积累曲线结果表明,兽类稀疏化曲线在300天后趋于稳定,表明监测取样已较充分,而鸟类监测物种数随时间积累依旧保持增长趋势。

Camera-trapping provides an excellent tool for biodiversity and wildlife protection research.In this study,mammals and birds in Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve were monitored using 20 gridded camera traps.A total of 1,936 independent images(out of 45,953 recognizable images)were collected with an extensive survey effort of 6,370 camera-days during August 2015 to August 2017.We identified 19 mammal species and 28 bird species,of which 7 species were second-class National Protected Wildlife in China.The relative abundance index(RAI:number of records per trap effort)is widely used to assess the regional species abundance.The five most abundant mammal species with highest RAIs in Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve were Elaphodus cephalophus,Melogale moschata,Macaca thibetana,Muntiacus reevesi,Sus scrofa,and the five most abundant bird species with highest RAIs were Myophonus caeruleus,Tragopan temminckii,Bambusicola thoracicus,Garrulax chinensis,Pomatorhinus ruficollis.Rarefaction and species accumulation curves suggest that mammal sampling asymptotes around 300 days,suggesting monitoring efforts were sufficient although bird species continued to grow over time.The results of this extensive survey provide a comprehensive diversity study of mammals and birds in Chishui Alsophila National Nature Reserve and may provide primary baseline data for biodiversity management resources.