阴茎癌术后腹股沟淋巴结转移同步放化疗疗效的临床分析

Investigation on concurrent chemoradiotherapy for postoperative inguinal recurrence in penile cancer patients

目的探讨阴茎癌腹股沟淋巴结清扫术后发生腹股沟淋巴结转移的治疗方案。方法回顾性分析顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶同步放化疗治疗阴茎癌术后腹股沟淋巴结转移的疗效并分析其预后因素。选取湖北省肿瘤医院2009年2月至2015年12月阴茎鳞癌腹股沟淋巴结清扫术后腹股沟淋巴结转移患者23例,淋巴结转移均经病理或细胞学证实,转移淋巴结固定,不少于2个,单个直径>4 cm。行顺铂及氟尿嘧啶联合化疗,并同步放疗。放疗结束后评价疗效,分析其局部控制率及生存期,并分析其预后相关因素。结果术后发生腹股沟淋巴结转移的中位时间为6.1个月,并且95%的患者在术后16个月内复发。复发患者放化疗后局部肿瘤缓解率分别为65.2%(15/23)。治疗后患者局部疼痛较前明显缓解,7例治疗前局部破溃出血患者治疗后出血缓解。1、2年生存率分别为21.3%、5.1%,中位生存期为6.3个月(95%CI:3.4~8.1)。放疗剂量和局部肿瘤缓解率相关。Cox多因素分析表明,N分期及组织学分级是影响治疗后生存的独立预后因素。结论同步放化疗是阴茎癌术后腹股沟淋巴结转移治疗的有效手段,然而总生存率仍较低。下肢水肿是其主要并发症,术后N分期偏晚及组织分化差是不良预后因素。

Objective To investigate treatment option of inguinal lymph node metastasis after inguinal lymph node dissection in patients with penile cancer.Methods To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and prognostic factors of cisplatin combined with fluorouracil in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy of inguinal lymph node metastasis after penile cancer surgery.Twenty-three patients with inguinal lymph node metastasis after inguinal lymph node dissection for penile squamous cell carcinoma from February 2009 to December 2015 were included.Inguinal lymph node metastasis with squamous cell carcinoma were confirmed by pathology or cytology.Metastatic lymph nodes of each patient were fixed,not less than 2,and greater than 4 cm in diameter.All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil.The response rate was evaluated after radiotherapy.The local control rate,survival time and the prognostic factors were also analyzed.Results The median time of postoperative inguinal lymph node metastasis was 6.1 months,and the recurrence rate of the patients within 16 months after the operation was 95%.The response rate was 65.2%(15/23).After treatment,the local pain was significantly relieved and 7 cases of local hemorrhage was relieved.The 1-,2-year survival rates were 21.3%and 5.5%,respectively,with a median survival of 6.3 months(95%CI:3.4-8.1).And local tumor response rate correlated with radiation dose.Cox multivariate analysis showed that N staging and histological grade were independent prognostic factors for survival after treatment.Conclusions Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is effective for postoperative inguinal lymph node metastasis,especially for the local recurrence with symptoms and for patients who are not suitable for surgical salvage regarding the local tumor control,pain relief and tumor hemorrhage.However,the overall survival rate of the patients who received treatment was still low.Lower extremity edema is the main complication of concurrent chemoradiotherapy.N staging and poor differentiation of the tissue are unfavorable prognostic factors.