泥河湾盆地综合禀赋与农村复兴发展关系研究

Study on the relationship between comprehensive endowment and rural revitalization in Nihewan Basin

选取地形起伏度、农地等级、年均降水量、地被指数、气候适宜度、交通通达度和经济区位等禀赋因子,采用主成分-聚类法,将泥河湾盆地划分为裸岩洪积区、碱滩分布区、厚层黄土分布区。基于禀赋分区和田野调查,探讨了区域禀赋与农村复兴发展的关系,认为:泥河湾盆地产业结构单一,受自然禀赋约束,单靠农业进步,农村复兴动能不足;农村劳动力大量流失,以户为单位的农业生产组织趋于解体,亟待孕育新型农业生产组织--合作社;光伏、风电等新型能源企业提高了土地生产效率,是克服自然和经济禀赋对农村复兴发展双重锁定的有效动能;村委会应立足自身禀赋,编制乡村空间发展规划,协调各方关系,谋划、组织、落实好乡村复兴的各项工作。

Endowment indexes, such as land relief, farmland fertility, annual precipitation, land cover, climate suitability, traffic accessibility and economic location were selected to conduct the principal component-cluster analysis, and Nihewan Basin is divided into bare rock alluvial area, alkaline land area, thin loess area and thick loess area. Based on endowment partition and field investigation, the relationship between regional endowment and rural revitalization was discussed. The results are as follows:(1) The industrial structure was single. Constrained by natural endowment, relying solely on agricultural progress, the impetus of rural revitalization development is insufficient in Nihewan Basin.(2) Due to the great loss of rural labour, the agricultural production mode based on household tend to be disintegrated. It is urgent to foster new agricultural production organization(cooperatives).(3) New energy enterprises, such as photovoltaic and wind power have effectively improved the efficiency of rural land production,which is an effective force to overcome the double locking of natural and economic endowments on rural revitalization development.(4) Village committee should base on their own endowment conditions, compile and implement the planning of rural revitalization, and coordinate relationships among all partners.