试论大柳树水利枢纽建设的必要性

Further Discussion on the Necessity of the Construction of Daliushu Water Control Project

大柳树水利枢纽库大水多沙少,开发条件十分优越,在黄河治理开发中具有承上启下的战略作用,但黄河流域未来径流量预计有所减小且已经建有较多水利枢纽,因此一些学者提出大柳树水利枢纽建设后将无水可蓄无水可调。为消除该疑虑,通过多种实测数据分析大柳树水利枢纽建设的必要性,分析指出:①龙羊峡—河口镇区间用水量大、有效库容小,径流调控能力不足,缺少统一调控工程;②龙羊峡、刘家峡水库调控库容不足,导致枯水年宁蒙灌区缺水,丰水年洪水泛滥、水资源流失;③根据南水北调工程西线工程规划,兰州—河口镇段将增加22亿m3供水量,届时该段水资源调控库容将更缺乏;④龙羊峡、刘家峡水库水能利用效率低,宁夏回族自治区水力发电占比极低,大柳树水利枢纽的建立将改善该区能源结构、增加水电能源供给。因此,现状条件下黄河上游仍然有水可蓄、有水可调,建设大柳树水利枢纽是非常必要的。

With rich water,less sand and large storage capacity,Daliushu Water Control Project has excellent development conditions.In the Yellow River harnessing development,it has a strategic role of linking up and down,but the future runoff of the Yellow River basin is expec⁃ted to decrease and more water conservancy hubs have been built on the main stream of the Yellow River.A few scholars have proposed that there will be no water to be stored and regulated after the construction of Daliushu Water Control Project.In order to eliminate this doubt,this paper analyzed the necessity of the construction of Daliushu Water Control Project through various measured data.The analysis pointed out that a)the section from Longyangxia Reservior to Hekou Town has large water consumption,small effective storage capacity,insufficient run⁃off regulation capability and lack of unified regulation project;b)in years of wet and dry water,the regulation capacity of Longyangxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs is insufficient,leading in water shortage in Ningxia-Inner Mongolia irrigated area in dry years,flooding and water re⁃sources loss in wet years;c)according to the planning of the Western Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,the water sup⁃ply of Lanzhou-Hekouzhen section will be increased by 2.2 billion cubic meters,then the regulated storage capacity of water resources in this section will be more scarce at that time;d)the Longyangxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs have low water use efficiency and Ningxia Hui Autono⁃mous Region has a very low proportion of hydropower generation.The establishment of Daliushu Water Control Project will improve the energy structure of the region and increase the hydropower supply.Therefore,under current conditions,the upper reaches of the Yellow River still have water to be stored and regulated and it is very necessary to build Daliushu Water Control Project.