员工沉默的前因与后果:回顾与展望

The Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Silence: A Literature Review and Future Prospects

员工沉默是指员工刻意隐瞒、保留自己对工作或组织的看法和意见的内隐性行为,对于员工个体的成长及企业的发展都具有重要的影响。本文在回顾国内外员工沉默研究文献的基础上,梳理了员工沉默行为的概念定义、构念维度、测量方法,总结了员工沉默的影响因素和影响后果,归纳了员工沉默研究的理论视角,如资源保存理论、社会交换理论、社会认知理论等。此外,基于对员工沉默研究的总结梳理,本文指出了当前员工沉默研究的不足之处,如影响结果研究较少、研究范式较为单一等,并从员工沉默的测量工具、理论视角、影响因素、影响后果和研究范式方面对未来研究进行了展望。

Referring to the implicit behavior of deliberately concealing and retaining their own views on work or organization,employee silence has an important impact on the growth of individual employees and the development of enterprises.Based on reviewing the relevant literature at home and abroad,this paper concludes different definitions,construct dimensions,and measurement methods of employee silence.It summarizes influence mechanism and outcome mechanism,and concludes some basic theories in the study of employee silence,such as conservation of resource theory,social exchange theory and social cognitive theory.In addition,based on the literature review of employee silence,this paper points out the deficiency of current employee silence research,such as superficial explorations on outcomes of employee silence and relatively monotonous research paradigm.And the future research direction is discussed in this paper from the perspectives of measurement,theory perspectives,factors affecting employee silence,the effectiveness of employee silence,as well as the research paradigm.