新疆伊犁地区包虫病流行病学调查及重点县家畜感染包虫的基因型

Epidemiological investigation of echinococcosis in livestock of Yili,Xinjiang and its genotype of in key counties

通过了解新疆伊犁地区不同县市包虫病的流行现状及重点县家畜感染包虫的基因型,为调整或完善现有的防控措施提供可借鉴的科学依据。在新疆伊犁地区10个县市的定点屠宰场采用随机抽样的方法检查牛、羊肝/肺包虫感染情况;对采集的犬粪便样品采用细粒棘球绦虫粪抗原抗体夹心ELISA方法进行检测分析;在2个重点县(昭苏县和特克斯县)定点屠宰场收集病变明显的牛、羊肝/肺包囊,通过PCR扩增,分析样品基因型。结果显示,2016年和2018年伊犁地区10个县市牛肝脏包虫总感染率分别为18.53%(241/1155)和15.14%(154/1017),牛肺脏包虫总感染率分别为13.68%(158/1155)和11.26%(137/1217);羊肝脏包虫总感染率分别为20.41%(565/2768)和20.46%(414/2023),羊肺脏包虫总感染率分别为16.54%(442/2672)和13.59%(275/2023);犬细粒棘球绦虫粪抗原总阳性率分别为26.89%(434/1614)和17.18%(101/588)。2年中羊的感染率均高于牛,2018年牛羊包虫病总感染率比2016年略有下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05),犬细粒棘球绦虫粪抗原总阳性率下降明显,且存在显著性差异(P<0.05);不同县市牛/羊和犬细粒棘球绦虫感染率存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。从重点县采集的18份包囊样品,NADH1基因和Cox1基因测序结果均显示为细粒棘球绦虫G1型。2016年和2018年伊犁地区家畜包虫和犬细粒棘球绦虫感染情况较为严重,且存在犬与牛/羊之间循环的传播链,提示该地区包虫病防控工作仍需改善和加强。

To investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in livestock of Yili region,Xinjiang and its genotype in key counties,and provide scientific basis to improve adjustment or perfection for the existing prevention and control measures.In the designated abattoirs of 10counties and cities in Yili,the infection of cattles and sheep liver and lung echinococcosis were examined by random sampling.Detect and analyze the collected dog feces using ELISA method.The liver and lung echinococcosis cysts of cattle and sheep were collected in the designated abattoirs from two key counties(Zhaosu and Tex county),using PCR amplification to analyze the genotypes of the samples.The results showed that in 2016and 2018,the total infection rate of echinococcosis of bovine liver was 18.53%(241/1155)and 15.14%(154/1017),lung was 13.68%(158/1155)and 11.26%(137/1217);the total infection rate of echinococcosis of sheep liver was 20.41%(565/2768)and 20.46%(414/2023),the lung was 16.54%(442/2672)and 13.59%(275/2023);the total positive rate of dog Echinococcus granulosus feces antigen was 26.89%(434/1614)and 17.18%(101/588)of 10counties and cities in Yili area.The infection rate of sheep was higher than cattle in the two years,the total infection rate of sheep and cattle in 2018was less than 2016,but there was not significant difference(P>0.05);the total positive rate of dog Echinococcus granulosus feces antigen declined with significant difference(P<0.05).The infection rates of cattle or sheep echinococcosis and dog Echinococcus granulosus were significantly different among each cities and counties.18 cyst samples were collected from key counties.The sequencing results of NADH1and Cox1genes showed that both were type Eg G1.In 2016and 2018,the infection of echinococcosis in livestock and Echinococcus granulosus in dog in Yili area was relatively serious,there was a circulation chain between dog and cattle or sheep,so suggesting that the prevention and control of echinococcosis in this area still need to be improved and strengthened.