民国时期中国铁路路旗及其演化

The Evolution of the Railway Flags during the Period of the Republic of China

近代以来,铁路旗帜被赋予特殊的含义。北洋政府时期的铁路旗帜是以铁轨、车轮、飞翼为主要因素,包含着国人的期望,寓意铁路的快速发展。南京国民政府时期路警及护路队被纳入军事体系。铁路护路队旗帜仿照警察队旗与军事委员会委员长旗式,以国民党党旗为主要元素,对路旗式样进一步规范化,更多地凸显党化及军事化色彩。车轮、飞翼则成为南京国民政府铁道部各铁路局路徽的主要内容。中东铁路路旗最具有特色,是以中外国旗组合作为铁路旗帜。政权鼎革中旗帜的改变又蕴含着主权之争。

The railway flags have special meaning in modern times. During the reign of Beiyang government, the tracks, wheels and flying wings were the main elements of the railway flags and showed Chinese people’s expectations about the rapid development of the railway. During the period of the Nationalist Government in Nanjing, the railway police and the railway patrol were incorporated into the military system. Therefore, through imitating the models of the flags of the police and Chairman of the Military Committee, the railway patrol flag took the party flag of Kuomintang as the main element to standardize the flag pattern and highlight the characteristics of the party and army. Then, the wheels and flying wings became the main contents of the railway bureau badges of the Ministry of Railways of the Nationalist Government in Nanjing. The Middle East Railway flag was extremely distinctive for it is a combination of Chinese and foreign national flags. During the reformation of regimes, the changes of the flags indicated the contest for sovereignty.