节气时序下明代室内陈设中五行的设计隐喻

The Design Metaphor of the Five Elements in the Ming Dynasty Interior Furnishings under the Solar Term Timing

"二十四节气"与"五行"文化是中国古人解释世间万物变化规律的独特知识体系,其认知方式反映在古人日常生活的方方面面,明代是古人造物、用物、赏物的一个特殊阶段,也成为室内陈设设计与认知更为成熟的时期。文章基于节气与五行之间的内在联系,以春季隔湿除寒、夏季祛暑防虫、秋季防风换气、秋季驱寒补湿等节气特性为切入点,根据各类古籍、书画等相关文献资料,从室内陈设品的造型、色彩、纹样、尺度、方位、材质等多角度探究与五行隐喻的关系,并以明代室内陈设造物设计为例展开相应分析。

Although the gas fields of the five elements are not visible to the naked eye,people at all seasons are distributed around the five elements.They exist in the life of the ancients in the form of visible objects.The yin and yang are coordinated to meet the needs of life.This is the eternal and immutable law of the heavens,the earth and human beings.Based on the intrinsic relationship between the solar terms and the five elements,this paper takes the solar term characteristics such as spring moisture-separating and cold-removing,summer heat-dispeling and insect-prevention,autumn wind-proof ventilation,autumn cold-removing and moisturizing as the entry points,and searches all kinds of ancient books,painting and calligraphy and other related literature.From the perspectives of styles,colors,patterns,scales,orientations,and materials in the interior furnishings and spaces,it is to explore how the interior furnishings and creation in the Ming Dynasty responded to the unfavorable factors of solar terms,and at the same time what aspects were influenced by the five elements.