席勒审美游戏说的人性论特征

The Humanistic Character of F.V.Schiller’s Theory of Aesthetic Play

席勒认为只有审美游戏才是真正、纯粹的游戏,其本质是人性的完整,是物质冲动与形式冲动的和谐统一,是消解了两种冲动的强制的审美自由。根据审美游戏的本质,审美游戏的主体只能是人性完整的人,而不能是游戏自身或动植物。审美游戏没有外在目的,任何外在目的都与审美游戏的本质矛盾,游戏就是游戏,就是展现游戏自身;另外,审美游戏不是严肃的,审美游戏可以消解严肃性,但又可以让人很容易地转向严肃的事情。人并不是一开始就能进行审美游戏,人性需要恢复完善,审美游戏需要一个发生过程,一个由工作到物质游戏然后飞跃到审美游戏的发生过程。

F.V.Schiller considers that only the aesthetic play is the real and pure play,the nature of the aesthetic play is completing the humanity, the aesthetic play is the harmony of the material and formal impulsion, which is the aesthetic freedom who has been eliminated the force of the two impulsion.According to the nature of aesthetic play, the object of aesthetic play is the person whose humanity is integrated, not the play itself or animals, plants.The aesthetic play hasn’t outer purposes,any outer purposes are contradictory with the nature of aesthetic play,the aesthetic play is the aesthetic play itself,to present itself.Besides,the aesthetic play is not grave,which can eliminate the gravity,however,the aesthetic play can make people easily become grave.Human can’ t participate in the aesthetic play from the beginning, because the humanity should be integrated, the aesthetic play needs experience a developed progress who is from work to material play,finally,to the aesthetic play.