清末民初物理书面语文法的嬗变——以物理教科书为中心

Evolution of Gramma of Chinese Written Language of Physics in Modern Time: A Study Based on Chinese Physics Textbook

以中文物理学教科书所用书面语为中心,考察了物理书面语文法演变经过。最初,物理书面语采用文言形式。传教士曾试图改用浅文理,并未实现。20世纪初,随着日语物理教科书的大量译介,物理书面语表现出较为明显的欧化倾向,之后直接翻译的英美教科书加强了欧化程度。此后,白话文运动兴起,白话元素加入物理书面语。最先体现在程度较低的初中物理教科书中,随后逐渐波及高中物理教科书。最终,物理学书面语成为一种以长句和复句为中心并夹杂着白话元素的表述形式。

This paper investigates the change of gramma of Chinese written language of physics based on Chinese physics textbooks in modern China.At first,classic Chinese was used in Chinese physics language.Missionaries in China attempted to adopt qian-wenli(easy-wenli)in Chinese written physics but were failed.In the beginning of the 20 th century,Chinese written language was Europeanized becasue most Japanese physics textbooks were translated into China.In 1920 s,vernacular Chinese were integrated into Chinese written physics as new upsurge in vernacular movement.The written language in junior high school physics textbooks was first influenced and then gradually spread into the senior high school.Finally,Chinese physics written language were formed into a centered on the long Sentences with a sentence of two or more clauses and mingled with vernacular elements.