典型治理:一种政府治理机制的结构与逻辑

Typical Governance:The Logic and Structure of A Governance Mechanism

作为一种政府治理机制类型的典型治理,是在党和政府执政实践的历史经验和现实体认基础上生发而成。从机制比较的中观视角看,典型治理回应的是科层失灵的组织命题,其理论底色贯穿了“科层-运动”共生式国家治理逻辑的不同侧面,展示了一种独特的混合治理方式。以此为理论基点,通过细致剖析典型治理的治理结构和运作逻辑,揭示了行动主体的互动方式和行为策略,完整阐述了典型治理的理论构型过程,勾勒出治理结构的内在轮廓。独特的治理过程激发了典型治理作为非制度化手段的多重效用,在弥补锦标赛理论不足、加速创新扩散和缓解行政惰性等方面功能性显著,但动员式内核由于受政治权威影响较大,当考核体系出现漏洞以及形式主义抬头时,典型治理的可持续性难以保证,治理资源的分配会出现失衡,甚至产生虚假典型和合谋典型等异化表现。最后,共享的科层研究议题搭建了典型治理同其他政府治理机制比较的桥梁,以典型治理为核心的理论谱系分析进一步明确了前者基于共性和特性指征的理论分析边界,有利于深化对我国政策执行过程和治理体系现代化的认识。

As a kind of governance mechanism,typical governance is based on the historical experience and realistic understanding of the party and government’s ruling practice.The typical governance response is the organizational proposition of the failure of the bureaucracy.Its theoretical background runs through the different aspects of the"bureaucracy-campaign"national governance logic,and shows a unique mixed governance approach.Through a detailed analysis of the operational logic and governance structure,the theoretical construction process of typical governance is fully expounded,and the inner contour of the governance structure is outlined.The unique governance process stimulates the multiple effects of typical governance as a non-institutionalized means.It is functionally significant in compensating for the lack of the theory of tournament,accelerating the diffusion of innovation,and alleviating administrative inertia.However,the campaign core is greatly influenced by political authority.When there are loopholes in the system and the rise of formalism,the sustainability of typical governance is difficult to guarantee,and the distribution of governance resources will be unbalanced and even alienated.Finally,the type of governance mechanism with typical governance as the core further clarifies its theoretical analysis boundary,which is conducive to deepening the understanding of China’s policy implementation process and modernization of governance system.