江西省3个地方鸡种遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Comparison of Three Local Chicken Breeds in Jiangxi Province

为探究江西省3个地方鸡种的遗传多样性,为江西省家禽群体遗传资源的合理利用和种质资源保护提供依据,利用飞行质谱分型技术对宁都黄鸡、白耳黄鸡、安义瓦灰鸡3个群体(463只个体)1号染色体上的25个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点进行基因型分型,计算每个SNP位点的等位基因频率、表观杂合度、期望杂合度、多态信息含量及群体间Nei氏标准遗传距离。结果显示,所有位点在3个群体中的平均有效等位基因数、期望杂合度和多态信息含量分别为1.636、0.367和0.291,其中白耳黄鸡的平均有效等位基因数、期望杂合度和多态信息含量最高(1.684、0.387和0.303),安义瓦灰鸡最低(1.562、0.328和0.262)。遗传距离和系统聚类结果显示,3个群体的遗传相似性都比较高,安义瓦灰鸡和白耳黄鸡2个群体聚为一类,宁都黄鸡单独聚为一类。

The genetic diversity and genetic distance of three local chicken breeds in Jiangxi Province were studied,which would provide a genetic basis for the rational utilization of genetic resources and the protection of germplasm resources in poultry populations in Jiangxi Province.In this paper,the genetic diversity of 25 SNPs selected from chromosome 1 was detected by flight mass spectrometry in Ningdu yellow chicken,White-eared yellow chicken,and Anyi tile-like gray chicken(463 individuals).The allelic frequency,apparent heterozygosity(Ho),expected heterozygosity(He),polymorphic information content(PIC),and Nei’s standard genetic distance between populations were calculated for each SNP locus.The results showed that the average effective allele number(Ne),He and PIC of all loci in the three populations were 1.636,0.367 and 0.291,respectively.The average Ne,He and PIC of the White-eared yellow chicken were the highest(1.684,0.387 and 0.303);the average Ne,He and PIC of the Anyi tile-like gray chicken were the lowest(1.562,0.328 and 0.262).The genetic distance and systematic clustering results showed that the genetic similarity of the three groups was relatively high.Two groups of Anyi gray chicken and White-eared yellow chicken were clustered into one group,and Ningdu yellow chicken was a single group.