员工培训对企业技术创新的影响——基于中国微观企业数据的实证研究

Effect of Employee Training on Firm Technological Innovation:An Empirical Research Based on Microdata of Chinese Firms

基于世界银行的中国企业调查数据,使用Heckman选择模型实证分析员工培训对企业技术创新的影响。研究发现,员工培训对企业技术创新产生了显著且稳健的提升作用。进一步研究发现这种作用存在异质性:生产性员工培训未显著地提升企业技术创新,非生产性员工培训的技术创新效应显著;研发企业的员工培训显著地推动企业技术创新,而无研发企业的员工培训未对企业技术创新发挥显著影响;员工培训对位于劳动力供给相对丰裕地区的企业的技术创新未起作用,而位于劳动力供给相对不足地区的企业的员工培训显著地推动了企业的技术创新。

Human capital plays an important role in the process of firm technological innovation,and employee training contributes to the development of human capital.Using the recent survey data of the Chinese Enterprise Survey by World Bank,this paper mainly analyzes the impact of employee training on the firm technological innovation based on Heckman selection model.The empirical result shows that the employee training makes a steady and notable improvement on the technological innovation output of firms.Further analysis indicates that the impact shows heterogeneity:Employee training on production workers does not significantly promote technological innovation,while that on non-production workers effectively improved the technological innovation output;Employee training in non-R&D firms does not significantly promote technological innovation,while that in R&D firms effectively improved the technological innovation output;Employee training within firms located in an area with relatively abundant labor supply has no effect on technological innovation,while that within firms located in an area with relatively insufficient labor supply has significantly improved the technological innovation output.