贫困治理与县级财政统筹

Poverty Governance and County-level Fiscal Consolidation

扶贫资源的碎片化导致贫困治理的低效甚至无效。之所以形成碎片化的资源配置模式,与强调技术治国的“条条主义”有关。本质上讲,扶贫是财政再分配的过程,而作为财政再分配的核心机制,转移支付的专项化是造成扶贫资源碎片化的深层原因。要提升贫困治理的有效性,需在县级层面实现对碎片化扶贫资源的财政统筹。因为县是基本的财政单位和治理单位,具备信息对称优势,有利于实现部门资源的整合及其与社会需求的有效对接。在完善县级财政统筹的同时,应防止县级权力过度膨胀以至于偏离扶贫本意,因此,除了优化自上而下的监督考核,更需要强化自下而上的社会需求表达机制。

The fragmentation of poverty alleviation resources leads to inefficiency in poverty governance.The fragmentation of resource allocation model is related to departmental vertical management which emphasizes on technology.In essence,poverty alleviation is the process of fiscal redistribution and as the core mechanism of fiscal redistribution,the specialization of fiscal transfer is the deep cause to the fragmentation of poverty alleviation resources.In order to improve the effectiveness of poverty governance,it is necessary to realize the fiscal consolidation of the poverty alleviation at the county level.The county,as the basic financial and governmental unit,has the information symmetry advantage and is advantageous to realize the consolidation of department resources and the effective connection between government resources and social demand.In addition,it is necessary to prevent the overexpansion of county-level power that deviates from its intention for poverty alleviation.The system of top-to-down supervision should be improved and the expression mechanism of down-to-top social demand be strengthened.