贫困地区农户创业的信贷需求研究——基于创业类型异质性视角

Research on Credit Demand of Farmers’ Entrepreneurship in Poverty-stricken Areas——Based on the Heterogeneity of Entrepreneurial Types

创业是贫困地区农户加速脱贫致富的一条有效路径。满足创业农户的信贷需求对巩固脱贫成果、加速贫困地区乡村振兴至关重要。基于6个国家级贫困县的观察和调研数据,以风险平衡模型为基础,分析了贫困地区农户创业类型异质性对信贷需求的影响及作用机理。研究发现,贫困地区不同类型创业农户的信贷需求表现出明显的层次性,这一差异是由不同创业类型的经营风险差异造成的。在其他条件一定的情况下,农业创业经营风险较高因而农户信贷需求较小,非农创业和同时进行农业和非农创业的农户经营风险相对较低因而信贷需求较强。此外,创业年限对农业创业农户的信贷需求有正向影响,初始投资规模对非农创业和农业创业农户的信贷需求均有正向影响。

Entrepreneurship is an effective way for farmers in poverty-stricken areas to get rid of poverty,and how to meet the credit needs of entrepreneurial farmers is crucial to consolidate the fruits of poverty alleviation and accelerate the rural revitalization process in poverty-stricken areas.Based on the observations and survey data of six national poverty-stricken counties,this paper analyzes the impact of the heterogeneity of farmer entrepreneurship types on credit demand and the mechanism based on the risk balancing model.The study suggests that there is an obvious difference among the credit demand of entrepreneurial farmers with different entrepreneurial types in poverty-stricken areas.This difference was caused by the difference in operational risks of different types of entrepreneurship.In certain conditions,with a higher business risk,agricultural entrepreneurs have smaller credit demand.Non-agricultural entrepreneurs and simultaneous agricultural and non-agricultural entrepreneurs have relatively bigger credit demand due to relatively low business risks.In addition,the years of entrepreneurship has a positive impact on the scale of credit demand of agricultural entrepreneurs,and the initial investment scale has a positive impact on the scale of credit demand of non-agricultural entrepreneurs and agricultural entrepreneurs.