第三方利他惩罚行为探究

Research on Third Party Altruistic Punishment Behavior

目的:探究在面对不公平事件时,作为旁观者的人们是否存在公平感知,以及在利他惩罚行为中的表现。方法:采用基于独裁者博弈的第三方惩罚范式,以30名大学生为被试,通过行为实验进行研究。结果:①被试对中等不公平分配方案的反应时最长,对公平分配方案的反应时最短。②分配方案越不公平,被试的惩罚率越高,惩罚强度也越强;③被试选择惩罚与否的反应时、惩罚率及惩罚强度均没有显著的性别差异。结论:①利他惩罚行为的第三方存在公平感知,表现出公平维护行为;②分配方案越不公平,惩罚率越高,惩罚强度也随之增强;③第三方利他惩罚行为没有性别差异。

Purpose:To explore whether people as bystanders have a sense of fairness in the face of unfair events and how they behave in altruistic punishment.Methods:Using third party punishment,an experimental study was conducted on 30 college students.Results:①The response time of the medium unfair allocation scheme was the longest,and that of the fair allocation scheme was the shortest;②The more unfair the allocation scheme is,the higher the penalty rate and the stronger the penalty intensity are;③There were no significant gender differences in response time,punishment rate and punishment intensity when making the choice of punishment or not.Conclusion:①The third party who commits altruistic punishment shows fair maintenance;②The more unfair the distribution,the higher punishment rate and the more severe punishment will be;③There is no gender difference in third-party punishment.