自贸区金融生态的法律营造与再生——以可复制、可推广原则为中心

Legal Construction and Regeneration of Financial Ecology in Free Trade Zone: Centered on the Replicable and Promotable Principle

自2013年9月上海自由贸易试验区成立以来,我国已先后4批共设立了18个自由贸易试验区。设立自贸区的重要目标之一是营造出相对独立的金融生态区,培育可复制、可推广的金融创新制度。为此,从中央到地方都出台了相应的法律保障措施。从金融生态主体上看,自贸区放宽了金融机构市场准入机制;在金融生态环境方面,自贸区致力于推进金融创新制度法治化与健全金融纠纷解决机制;在金融生态调节能力上,自贸区通过强化对区内金融服务业的监管来提高金融风险管理能力。可复制、可推广是自贸区金融创新的实践宗旨和应当遵循的基本原则,但受不同区域金融生态基础和法治环境差异的制约,自贸区金融生态的复制和推广呈现出一种渐进式的再生路径。

Since the establishment of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone in September 2013,China has set up 18 pilot free trade zones in 4 batches.One of the goals of setting up a free trade zone is to create a relatively independent financial ecoregion and foster a financial innovation system that can be replicated and promoted.To this end,corresponding legal safeguard measures have been introduced from the central government to the local governments.From the perspective of financial ecological subjects,the free trade zones have relaxed the market access mechanism for financial institutions;in terms of financial ecological environment,the free trade zones are committed to promoting the rule of law in financial innovation systems and improving financial dispute resolution mechanisms;and in terms of financial ecological regulation,the free trade zones enhance financial risk management capabilities by strengthening supervision of the financial services industry in the region.Being replicable and promotable is the practical purpose of financial innovation in the free trade zone and the basic principles that should be followed.However,due to the differences of the financial ecological basis and the legal environment in different regions,the replication and promotion of the financial ecology of the free trade zone presents a progressive regeneration path.