论现代体育“文明竞赛”的历史生成

On the historical formation of modern sports civilized competition

当今体育比赛是消除民族隔阂与误解,促进世界人民相知相通的友谊桥梁,那么,争强好胜、斗勇斗狠的体育竞赛是如何"文明"起来的呢?所谓"文明竞赛",一方面通过竞赛规章对蛮勇暴力宣泄等不良行为进行有效控制,另一方面通过运动员展现公平、平等体育精神和文明礼仪风貌,来表达美好道德情感。研究发现:人类古老的竞赛游戏中,就埋藏着规则约定等文明竞赛的内在基因;伴随着人类生产方式的变化,社会人群的生活模式与行为情感随之改变,导致体育竞赛行为日益向着文明化方向发展,到了工业革命时期则在历史的积淀中产生了质的改变,其标志为文本化竞赛规则的制订与公平竞赛精神的普遍确立,反映了工业经济时代人们价值观念与情感水准的进步。这是一个历史累积的过程。本文旨在沿着历史学的研究路径,追溯现代体育"文明竞赛"体系和风气形成的历史缘由,进而为当今体育竞赛治理以及赛风赛纪建设提供理论启迪。

Nowadays,sports competition is a bridge of friendship that eliminates national estrangement and misunderstanding and promotes mutual understanding and communication among people all over the world.Then,how can the competitive and ruthless sports competition be civilized?The so-called civilized competition,on the one hand,can effectively control the bad behavior such as the cathartic violence of the daredevil through the competition rules,on the other hand,can express the beautiful emotion such as friendship and fairness through the athletes’display of sportsmanship and civilized manners.The study found that the ancient human race game,is buried rules conventions of civilized inherent gene of the competition,with the change of human’s production mode,social groups emotional change,life style and behavior can lead to the development of sports competition increasingly towards civilized behavior,the industrial revolution is to produce a qualitative change in the history of accumulation,the logo for the establishment of lexical competition rules and the spirit of fair play is generally established,mapping the industrial economy era people value idea and the emotion level of progress This is a process of historical accumulation.This paper aims to trace the historical reasons for the formation of the modern sports civilization competition system and ethos along the research path of history,and then provide theoretical enlightenment for the governance of sports competition and the construction of competition discipline.