论乾嘉考史三大家对《史记》研究的特点和贡献

The Characteristics and Contributions of the Study of Historical Records from the Three Masters During the Qianjia Period

乾嘉考史三大家钱大昕、王鸣盛和赵翼在其考证著作中对《史记》进行深入的考察辨析。他们既有相通的地方,又有各自的特点,钱大昕以考证为中心,王鸣盛考证、旨趣阐发并重,赵翼注重提挈历史大势,探讨历史编纂得失。其研究带有鲜明的时代特点,一定程度上拓宽了《史记》研究的视野,推进了《史记》研究的进一步深入和细化,并由此带动了《史记》研究整体水平的提升。通过三大家的研究对客观地总结《史记》研究的历史进程具有重要的学术价值和意义。

The three masters,Qian Daxin,Wang Mingsheng and Zhao Yi,conducted an in-depth investigation and analysis of Historical Records in their texts during the Qianjia Period.They have similarities and they own respective characteristics.Qian Daxin emphasizes research;the research and analysis are equally important for Wang Mingsheng;Zhao Yi pays attention to the historical trends and the pros and cons of history compilation.Their researches have distinctive characteristics of the times,which has broadened the horizon of the study of Historical Records to a certain extent,promoted it further and refined,and led it to the overall improvement.Through the study of the three masters,it has important academic value and significance to objectively summarize the historical process of the study of Historical Records.