2010-2017年嵊泗马鞍列岛保护区海域水质调查与评价

Coastal Water Quality Investigation and Evaluation of Shengsi Ma′an Archipelago Conservation Area from 2010 to 2017

【目的】分析评价2010-2017年嵊泗马鞍列岛保护区海域的水质状况。【方法】采用水质有机污染指数(A)法进行水质有机污染评价,采用富营养化指数(E)法和营养状态质量指数(INQ)法进行水质富营养化评价。【结果】该保护区海域水质化学需氧量(COD)和溶解氧(DO)符合第一类海水水质标准,无机磷(DIP)含量有3个年份符合第一类海水水质标准,其余年份超过第一类但符合第二类海水水质标准,无机氮(DIN)质量浓度超标严重,2015年达到0.674 mg/L;叶绿素a(Chl-a)本底含量较高,适宜条件下使得浮游植物大量繁殖,Chl-a含量急剧上升,并容易诱发赤潮;有机污染指数评价显示,2012-2015年水质有机污染状况达到中度污染以上,并且有3年达到严重污染级别,最大A值为2014年和2015年的4.10,2016年污染最轻,为开始受到污染级别;富营养化指数和营养状态质量指数评价显示,最大E值和INQ值分别为2012年的4.29和2010年的8.59,DIN含量高是富营养化的主要贡献因子。【结论】该保护区海域水质主要污染因子为DIN,水质有机污染状况呈现年度波动状态,水质富营养化较严重。

【Objective】To evaluate thewater quality in Shengsi Ma′an archipelago conservation area according to the in-situ water quality from 2010-2017.【Method】This paper employs Organic pollution index of water quality(A),Eutrophication index(E)and Nutrient status quality index(INQ)to evaluate the water quality of Shengsi Ma′an archipelago conservation area according to the in-situ water quality.【Result】The results indicate that chemical oxygen demand(COD)and dissolved oxygen(DO)of this area qualify for the first class of sea water quality standard.Dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)of 3 years qualifies for the first class of sea water quality standard while other years qualify for the second class of sea water quality.Dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)was severely higher than normal,which reachedto 0.674mg/L in 2015.The content of Chl-a was quite high in this area,and a red tide was very likely to burst out under the right conditions.According to the Organic pollution assessment,the highest A of 4.10 in 2014 and 2015 and the lowest A in 2016,and the pollution was above moderate pollution from 2012 to 2015. According to the eutrophication evaluation, the eutrophication level withthe highest E of 4.29 was observed in 2012 and the highest INQ of 8.59 was found in 2010, which wasmainly due to the high content of DIN. 【Conclusion】Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was the mainpollutant factor in this area. The Organic pollution assessment showed a trend of fluctuation and theeutrophication was serious in this area.