民初内阁制之变异及原因分析

On Cabinet System Deviations of Republic of China in 1910s

"因人立法"的《临时约法》确立了民初的内阁制政治体制,然而民初内阁制在其运行及实践过程中,存在严重的政治实践与文本表达的背离。结果是事与愿违,发生变异,成为当权者专制集权的附庸,成为为专制复辟服务的工具,成为民主的幌子,甚至是走向了自己的对立面。本文论述了民初内阁制变异的主要表现,并分析其变异的原因。

Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China, a law intended to limit the power of the president,established the political system of cabinet in the early times of Republic of China(from 1912 to 1949). However, the cabinet system seriously deviated from its textual claims both in its operation and practice. As a result, contrary to most people’s wishes, the cabinet system ended up becoming the flunky and accomplice of autocracy, a tool for autocracy restoration, and came to be its opposite under guise of democracy. The paper discusses the manifestations and possible causes of the deviations of the cabinet system of Republic of China in 1910 s.