50味中药及其复方与抗生素对河流弧菌的体外抑菌作用

In Vitro Bacteriostasis of 50 species of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants and Their Combined Prescriptions and Antibiotics Against Vibrio fluvialis

用牛津杯法选择大黄、黄柏、黄连等50种单味中药进行河流弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌试验,并以抗菌活性较好的药物组成二联、三联复方,药物质量浓度分别为60和240 mg·mL^-1,进行中药复方抗菌活性研究,同时用抗生素进行河流弧菌药敏试验。目的是筛选出对河流弧菌敏感的中草药、抗生素及其复方。结果表明,黄连、诃子等单方对河流弧菌抑菌作用明显,为极敏感;在60 mg·mL^-1低药物浓度时,黄柏、黄连组成的复方对河流弧菌抑菌作用为极敏感;在240 mg·mL^-1药物浓度时,黄柏、黄连等组成的9个复方中药对河流弧菌抑菌作用属极敏感,黄连、板蓝根、黄柏等4个复方中药对河流弧菌的抑菌作用明显,为极敏感。河流弧菌对恩诺沙星、盐酸多西环素、氟苯尼考、土霉素及甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑5种药物高度敏感。部分中药对河流弧菌抑制作用不明显,黄连、板蓝根、黄柏等4个三联复方中药药效最强。可组成多种三联复方中药或中西药联用复方,均有良好的抑制作用。

Fifty species of traditional Chinese medicinal plants, such as Rheum officinale, Cortex Phellodendri and Coptis chinensis, etc, were employed to test their antibacterial effect on Vibrio fluvialis and Staphylococcus aureus by using Oxford-cup tests in vitro. The traditional Chinese medicinal plants that had optimal effect in single prescription were chosen, based on which combined prescriptions with two or three species of the traditional Chinese medicinal plants were prepared and compared in their antibacterial activity. The concentrations of the prescriptions of the traditional Chinese medicinal plants used for test were 60 and 240 mg·mL^-1, respectively. The antibacterial test was made with 3 replicates each treatment. Meanwhile 8 antibiotics were tested against Vibrio fluvialis. This experiment was conducted to screen single and combined prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicinal plants and antibiotics that are sensitive to Vibrio fluvialis. Results showed that single prescriptions of the traditional Chinese medicinal plants such as Coptis chinensis, Terminalia chebula, etc had obvious inhibitory effect against V. fluvialis(highly sensitive). The combined prescriptions of the traditional Chinese medicinal plants with Cortex Phellodendri and Coptis chinensis as a component in the combinations had obvious inhibitory effect when their treatment concentrations were 60 mg·mL^-1. When the concentration was set at 240 mg·mL^-1, 9 combined prescriptions with Cortex phellodendri and Coptis chinensis as the component in the combinations of two species of traditional Chinese medicinal plants were very highly sensitive to Vibrio fluvialis. At the concentration of 240 mg·mL^-1 4 combined prescriptions with combination of three species of the traditional Chinese medicinal plants such as Coptis chinensis, Radix Isatidis and Cortex Phellodendri had obvious inhibitory effect. Vibrio fluvialis was susceptible to enrofloxacin, oxytet racycline, Florfenico, oxytetracycline and trimethoprim. Some prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicinal plants had no obvious inhibitory effect. Four combined prescriptions with combination of three species of traditional Chinese medicinal plants such as Coptis chinensis, Radix isatidis and Cortex phellodendri had the highest inhibitory effects. Combined prescriptions with 3 species of traditional Chinese medicinal plants in a combintation, or a combination of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicinal plants and antibiotics might have good inhibition against Vibrio fluvialis.