昆虫种群遗传调控和生殖特性干扰及其在草地贪夜蛾防控中的应用前景

Insect population genetic regulation and reproductive characteristic interference and their prospects on controlling Spodoptera frugiperda

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是世界十大害虫之一,其入侵和为害对我国的农业生产构成了重大的威胁。草地贪夜蛾寄主范围广,对多种化学药剂和转Bt玉米产生抗性,随着抗药性及农药安全问题的加剧,迫切需要新型防治方法。本文对昆虫种群遗传调控技术,如性连锁平衡致死系统、构建杂交不育平衡致死品系,以及干扰昆虫生殖特性的方法,如控制昆虫性别、干扰昆虫生长发育的关键基因、调整性信息素比例等进行了综述。基于草地贪夜蛾玉米型和水稻型2个品系的杂种不育和交配障碍等生殖隔离现象,探讨了种群遗传调控和生殖特性干扰在草地贪夜蛾防控中的应用前景。以昆虫生殖为切入点,为昆虫不育技术在草地贪夜蛾上的应用提供理论依据。

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the top ten pests in the world,its invasion and damage pose a major threat to agricultural production in China.There are a wide range of hosts for S.frugiperda,and it has been reported to be resistant to a variety of chemical agents and transgenic Bt corn.With increasing resistance to pesticides,the demand for new control methods is becoming more and more necessary.The population genetic control techniques and the methods of disturbing reproductive characteristics of insects were reviewed,including the sex-chain balanced lethal system,building a hybrid infertility balanced lethal line,controlling insect sex,interfering the key genes for insect growth and development and adjusting the proportion of sex pheromone,etc.Based on the reproductive isolation phenomenon of hybrid infertility and mating disorder of two strains(rice&corn)of S.frugiperda,we explored the application prospects of population genetic regulation and reproductive characteristic interference in the control of S.frugiperda.Taking insect reproduction as the entry point,it provides a theoretical basis for the application of insect sterility technology for controlling S.frugiperda.