大豆不育相关QTLs鉴定及功能基因研究进展

Research progress on identification of sterility-related QTLs and functional genes in soybean

大豆(Glycine max)是一种重要粮食作物和经济作物,典型的自花授粉作物,天然异交结实率低,不育系的利用为挖掘大豆生产潜力和提高大豆产量提供了有效的途径。本文综述了利用正向遗传学方法获得大豆不育数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus, QTL)及基因和利用反向遗传学方法获得相关功能基因的研究进展。通过图位克隆在大豆中获得了43个育性QTL位点并且定位了3个育性候选基因,结合生物信息学技术定位2个不育QTLs。利用反向遗传学获得一些不育相关功能基因,主要包括蛋白修饰基因和转录因子基因。这些研究为分子标记辅助遗传育种或利用转基因技术创造高产大豆奠定了基础。

Soybean(Glycine max) is an important food and cash crop, a typical self-pollinated crop with low natural fruiting. The utilization of sterile lines provides a way for soybean cross breeding to effectively exploit the production potential of soybeans and increase soybean yield. In this paper, the research progress of soybean fertility-related quantitative trait locus(QTL) and candidate genes and the fertility functional genes obtained by reverse genetics were obtained by forward genetics. 40 fertile QTL loci were obtained in soybean by map-based cloning and three fertile candidate genes were mapped;two sterile QTLs were mapped by bioinformatics technology. Some infertility-related functional genes were obtained in soybean by reverse genetics, including protein modification genes and transcription factor genes. These studies laid the foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of soybean infertility and the creation of high-yield soybeans by molecular marker-assisted genetic breeding or transgenic technology.