地方政府公共服务创新：驱动机制与路径选择——中国情境下的分析框架和经验证据

Innovations of Local Government’s Public Service: the driving mechanism and the path choice——an analytical framework and empirical evidence in the Chinese context

不断推进地方政府公共服务创新是破解当前公共服务供给困境,构建我国治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要组成部分。在对国内外相关文献分析的基础上,从政治制度、社会需求和资源支撑等视角出发,构建了中国情境下地方政府公共服务创新驱动机制的分析框架,通过模糊集定性比较分析的方法,对"中国地方政府创新奖"下公共服务创新类项目进行了系统比较分析。研究发现,在中国情境下,晋升激励是引致地方政府创新成功的充分条件,领导支持是驱动地方政府创新成功的必要条件;而在创新的代表性路径中,公民参与和媒体报道也发挥着重要作用,经济发展水平和改革本身的难度对创新工作的影响有限;行政主导型、需求诱发型和多方互动型的创新模式是我国地方政府公共服务创新时选择的主要路径模式。未来中央应更注重从制度层面激发地方政府公共服务的创新热情,降低社会公共服务需求的政府进入门槛,同时应注重激发公共服务创新要素组合的叠加效应。

To promote innovations of local government’s public service constantly is an important part of solv-ing the dilemma of public service supply and of constructing the modernization of China’s governance systemand governance capacity. On the basis of analyzing the related literature at home and abroad, from the perspec-tives of political system, social demand, and resources support, this article builds an analytical framework of thedriving mechanism of local government’s public service in the Chinese context, and through the fuzzy-set quali-tative comparative analysis method, it makes a systematic comparison and analysis of public service innovationprojects under"Awards Program for Innovations and Excellence in Chinese Local Governance". It is found thatin the Chinese context, promotion incentive is a sufficient condition for the success of local government’s inno-vations, and leadership support is a necessary condition for such a success;in the representative path of innova-tions, civic participation and media report also play an important role, and the level of economic developmentand the difficulty of reform itself have a limited impact on innovations;administration-led, demand-induced,and multi-interactive innovation modes are the main path chosen in innovations of China’s local government’spublic service. In the future, the central government should pay more attention to stimulate the innovation enthu-siasm of local government’s public service from the institutional level, lower the threshold for government entryof social public service demand, and at the same time, pay more attention to stimulate the superimposed effectof the combination of elements of innovations of public service.