北京市流动人口的家庭化与消费支出

The Familialization and Consumption of the Migrant Population in Beijing

流动人口约占北京市常住人口的1/3,对城市消费经济的发展意义重大。基于2017年全国流动人口动态监测数据,研究北京市流动人口的动态特征,发现近年来流动人口呈现出的家庭化流动趋势愈加突出,而与全国相比,北京市流动人口家庭化规模呈现"小型化"特征,随迁子女比例少但随迁老人比例高;同时发现,家庭化的扩展不仅为流入地增加了劳动力供给,而且显著增加了家庭的消费支出,刺激了流入地的消费经济,有利于扩大城市内需,保持长期的经济发展活力。基于发现与分析,可从住房、养老、教育、医疗等方面提出若干适应流动人口家庭化阶段特征的政策措施。

The migrant population accounts for about one third of the permanent resident population in Beijing,and is of great significance to the development of urban consumption economy. On the basis of dynamic monitor-ing data of the nationwide migrant population in 2017 and the study of the dynamic characteristics of the mi-grant population in Beijing, this article finds that in recent years, the migrant population presents a more promi-nent mobility trend of familialization, while compared with the whole country, the familialization scale of the mi-grant population in Beijing is"miniaturized"and the proportion of children living with the migrant population issmall but the proportion of the elderly living with the migrant population is high;it also finds that the expansionof familialization not only increases the supply of labor force for migrant destinations, but also stimulates theirconsumption economy, which is conducive to expanding urban domestic demand and maintaining a long-termvitality of economic development. On the basis of the discovery and the analysis, we can put forward some poli-cies and measures to adapt to the phase characteristics of the familialization of migrant population from the as-pects of housing, provision for the aged, education, and medical treatment.