国际投资仲裁裁决在中国承认与执行依据及其适用

Basis for Recognition and Enforcement of International Investment Arbitration Award in China and Its Application

《华盛顿公约》《纽约公约》是国际投资仲裁裁决承认与执行的重要国际法依据,两者在各类BIT及国际条约的“投资者与缔约国争端解决”中均有所体现。中国政府批准加入《华盛顿公约》时的“说明”存在性质与效力上的争论,并引发了管辖权问题;中国政府批准加入《纽约公约》时所做“商事保留”排除了“投资者与东道国争端”的适用,也容易给纠纷解决带来不必要的法律风险。在实践中,中国政府签订的新版BIT中大都扩大了ICSID的管辖权。因此,为了更好地保护外国投资者和中资企业的合法权益,中国政府应当对加入《华盛顿公约》时的“说明”进行调整,允许投资者选择《纽约公约》来执行国际投资仲裁裁决,并通过拟定中国BIT范本的方式来协调各公约间的适用。

The Washington Convention and the New York Convention are important international legal bases for the recognition and enforcement of international investment arbitration awards,which are reflected in various bits and in the“settlement of disputes between investors and states parties”of international treaties.When the Chinese government ratified and acceded to the Washington convention,there was a dispute over the nature and validity of the statement,and the issue of in jurisdiction.The“commercial reservation”made by the Chinese government when it ratified the New York convention excludes the application of“ISDS”and does not meet the requirements of ICSID additional convenience rules.In practice,most of the new BIT signed by the Chinese government expands the jurisdiction of ICSID authority.Therefore,in order to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors and Chinese enterprises,the Chinese government should be to join the Washington convention of“Note”to adjust,allowing investors to choose the New York convention to enforce international investment arbitration award,and through the proposed Chinese BIT template to coordinate among the convention applies.