水稻耐高温分子机制研究进展

Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Thermotolerance in Rice

水稻作为全球第三大粮食作物,是约50%世界人口的主要粮食,我国三分之二的人口以水稻为主食,保证我国水稻高产是确保我国粮食安全的重要课题。环境胁迫尤其是高温胁迫对水稻的各个时期都会造成极大损害,从而降低水稻的产量和品质。为解决上述难题提供可能性,多个研究组报道了水稻响应高温的分子机制。本文综述了近年来对水稻响应高温分子机制的研究成果,从基因克隆、重要SNP鉴定及功能分析等方面阐述水稻耐高温分子机制,为利用分子育种方法鉴定及选育耐高温品种提供参考。

As the third largest food crop in the world, rice is the main food for about 50% of the world’s population. Two-thirds of China’s population mainly eats rice. Ensuring high yield of rice in China is an important issue to ensure food security in China. Environmental stress, especially heat stress, will cause great damage to rice at all stages, thus reducing the yield and quality of rice. In recent years, several research groups have reported the molecular mechanism of rice response to heat, which provides the possibility to solve this problem. In this paper, the molecular mechanism of rice response to heat in recent years was reviewed. The molecular mechanism of rice thermotolerance was elaborated from the aspects of gene cloning, important SNP identification and functional analysis, which could provide a reference for identifying and breeding thermotolerantcrops by molecular breeding methods.