铲头堆砂白蚁原始繁殖蚁形成的周期

The life cycle of primary reproductive formation of the drywood termite Cryptotermes declivis (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

铲头堆砂白蚁Cryptotermes declivis Tsai et Chen是破坏木材及木制品的重要干木白蚁,其有翅成虫通过分飞配对后建立新群体,是其重要繁殖扩散途径。本文对铲头堆砂白蚁原始繁殖蚁形成周期进行了研究。以似桂木Paratocarpus sp.、团花Anthocephalus chinensis(Lam.) Rich. et Walp.和球花豆Parkia sp.作为该种白蚁食料,研究其原始繁殖蚁配对后从新建群体的形成到产生下一代的原始繁殖蚁,完成1个世代生活周期。结果表明,铲头堆砂白蚁在室温下,新建群体的形成、发展、发育至下一代原始繁殖蚁形成的周期约5 a,不同寄主材料对铲头堆砂白蚁生活周期没有显著性影响,但与群体数量多少显著相关。本研究首次明确了铲头堆砂白蚁群体发育成熟的周期,对该害虫的检疫与防控研究具有重要参考价值。

The drywood termite,Cryptotermes declivis Tsai et Chen,is one of the most serious pest termites to wood and wooden structures. After swarming,paired primary reproductives established new colonies,which is the most important reproductive and dispersal route of this species. In this study,the life cycle of primary reproductives in Cryptotermes declivis was studied.The species was reared using Paratocarpus sp.,Anthocephalus chinensis(Lam.) Rich.et Walp.,and Parkia sp.to investigate the cycle from a newly established conlony to the reproducted of the next generation reproductives or alates.The characteristics of the life cycle of a generation was observed by dissecting colonies of the species at room temperature.The results showed that the life cycle of primary reproductive formation was about 5 years in the species.Different host plants had no significant effect on the life cycle of termites,but significantly correlated with the population size.This study was the first time to confirm the formation of the new primitive reproductives,which was important information for studies of termite quarantine and control.