朱启钤《中国营造学社缘起》研究——纪念中国营造学社筹组90周年

Zhu Qiqian’s‘The Founding of the Society for the Research in Chinese Architecture’:InMemory of the 90th Anniversary of the Preparation of the Society

朱启钤的《中国营造学社缘起》写于中国营造学社筹备时期,采用研究计划书的格式撰写,可谓中国营造学社的起点。文章在考证该文版本源流的基础上,详细辨析了文中“营造学”和“沟通儒匠”两个关键概念之内涵,认为“营造学”的概念以中国传统知识分类体系为基础,试图在保持中国传统知识系统整体性的同时,与源自西方的现代知识分类体系积极沟通,而“沟通儒匠”则是在西风东渐的背景下,将传统的边缘知识或实用技艺系统化,以“与世界学术名家公开讨论”的尝试。文章同样关注《缘起》一文提出的构想后来如何在中国营造学社团体协作的工作中,直接或间接地影响了中国建筑史学科体系初型的镕铸。

Zhu Qiqian’s‘The Founding of the Society for the Research in Chinese Architecture’,which was written in the preparatory period of the Society for the Research in Chinese Architecture and adopted the format of a research proposal,can be regarded as the origin of the Society.Based on an analysis of the various editions of the manuscript,this paper points out the meanings of two key concepts in the proposal,namely‘the subject of yingzao’and‘communication between the intellectuals and the craftsmen’.It holds that the former was based on the classification of traditional Chinese knowledge,trying to maintain the integrity of traditional Chinese knowledge system while communicating with the classification of modern knowledge which came from the West,while the latter tries to systematise the traditionally marginalised knowledge or practical skills and‘discuss openly with famous scholars around the world’.This paper also pays attention to how the ideas in Zhu’s article directly or indirectly influenced the form of the discipline of Chinese architectural history in the work of group cooperation in the Society for the Research in Chinese Architecture.