水墨人物在陶瓷绘画中的表现——以明朝民间青花为例

The performance of ink figures in ceramic painting——Taking the folk blue and white of Ming Dynasty as an example

图画作为人类最早的信息传播媒介,早在远古时期已经开始,起始是用刻画的形式,刻画出人类崇拜的动植物,比如鱼纹、蛙纹等,刻画题材可以看出还是处在对自然的敬畏,还未发觉自身的伟大。随着人类对钻木取火的掌握,生产工具由石器向铁器开始改变,开始征服自然,尤其腌制技术的产生,人类可以开始储存食物,私有物质诞生,随之人类就开始根据血缘宗族群居,由洞穴居向房屋居过度,开始重视自身和家族的发展。从能烧制彩陶可以看得出来,已出现“人面鱼纹彩陶盆”、“舞蹈纹彩陶盆”,这就足以看出人类已经开始记载自身。彩陶根据考古得知也是用毛笔绘制,可以说彩陶绘画是国画和陶瓷绘画的根源,随着人类历史的发展逐渐分枝为国画和陶瓷绘画,两者同根同源。不管是陶瓷绘画还是国画两者的发展都是先从工笔到写意,水屋画也属于写意,写意盛讲求意境,以潇洒的笔触绘出,寥寥数笔,便能将复杂的物件绘画出。什么是所谓的写意国画的画法,就是用简单概括的笔墨描绘出事物的精神意态和形神兼备的事物,不求形是、只求神似、似与不是之间。本文就以水墨人物在陶瓷中的表现来简述,以明朝民间青花为例。

As the earliest medium of information dissemination of human beings,pictures have begun as early as ancient times,beginning with the form of depiction,depicting animals and plants worshipped by human beings,such as fish pattern,frog pattern,etc.The subject matter of depiction can be seen that they are still in awe of nature and have not yet found their greatness.With the mastery of wood—drilling and fire—making and the change of production tools,man began to conquer nature,especially the emergence of curing technology.Human beings could begin to store food,and private substances were bom,and then human beings began to live in groups according to their ancestral lineage.They began to attach importance to the development of themselves and their families.It can be seen from the firing of painted pottery that"fish—pattern pottery basin with human face"and"dance—pattern pottery basin"have appeared,which is enough to show that human beings have begun to record themselves.According to archaeological knowledge,painted pottery is also painted with brushes.It can be said that painted pottery is the root of Chinese painting and ceramic painting.With the development of human history,it gradually branched into Chinese painting and ceramic painting,both of which have the same origin.Whether it is ceramic painting or traditional Chinese painting,the development of both is from fine brushwork to freehand brushwork,ink painting also belongs to freehand brushwork,freehand brushwork stresses artistic conception,and freehand brushwork can draw complex objects with a few brushstrokes.Freehand brushwork refers to the use of simple and generalized brush and ink to express the spiritual mood of the object,and it is not like seeking spiritual expression.In this paper,the performance of ink characters in ceramics is briefly described.