新中国70年城市化演进逻辑、基本经验与改革路径

The Evolution Logic, Basic Experience and Reform Path of Urbanization in the Past 70 Years

我国城市化的演进逻辑体现为人本主义的兴起、市场化方式的介入、"马丘比丘宪章"理念的植入和社会基础的统一性,城市化的成功实践,得益于城市目标模式、城市经济模式、城市道路模式、城市管理模式、城市体系模式和城市生态模式的转型。随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我国现代意义的城市化需要在城市和农村两个层面实现新的突破,一方面做实国家战略城市群的基础大都市区的发展,让更多农业人口转移到城市获得平等的发展机会,实现城市化由"雅典宪章"向"马丘比丘宪章"的演进,城市化模式由此演化为"结构形态转换型";另一方面实现从"单向性"城市化向"双向性"城市化转型,设计社会权利与社会资源对等配置的城乡制度,实现农业生产的规模经济和"乡贤文化"的回归,做实城市化发展过程中农业农村的崛起。

The evolution logic of China’s urbanization is reflected in the rise of humanism, the intervention of marketization methods, the implantation of the"Machu Picchu Charter"concept and the unity of social foundations. The successful practice of urbanization benefits from the transformation of cities target model, urban economic model, urban road model, urban management model, urban system model and urban ecological model. As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, China’s modern sense of urbanization needs to achieve new breakthroughs at both the urban and rural levels. On the one hand, promoting the development of the basic metropolitan area of the national strategic city group, letting more agricultural people move to cities to obtain equal development opportunities, and realizing the evolution of China’s urbanization from the"Athens Charter"to the"Machu Picchu Charter", in this way, urbanization model can transfer into a"structural form transformation type". On the other hand, realizing the transition from"one-way"urbanization to"two-way"urbanization, designing the urban-rural system of equal allocation of social rights and social resources, realizing the return of economies of scale in agricultural production and the"village culture", and realizing the rise of agriculture in the process of urbanization in China.