医学专业研究生压力源与焦虑症状:负性情绪的中介作用和社会支持的调节作用

Stress sources and anxiety symptoms of medical graduate students: the mediating role of negative emotion and the moderating role of social support

目的探讨医学专业研究生的压力来源与焦虑症状之间的关系,以及负性情绪在其中的中介作用和社会支持的调节作用。方法采用研究生压力源量表、霍普金斯症状自评量表、正性负性情绪量表和领悟社会支持量表对全国13个省(直辖市)、16所医学院校的1216名医学专业研究生进行问卷调查,使用相关分析、回归分析以及SPSS-process中介、调节方法进行数据处理。结果(1)压力源得分为(2.45±0.54)分、焦虑症状得分为(1.68±0.59)分、负性情绪得分为(2.26±0.70)分、社会支持得分为(5.28±1.01)分。(2)压力源与焦虑症状(r=0.37,P<0.01)、负性情绪(r=0.38,P<0.01)呈正相关,与社会支持(r=-0.20,P<0.01)呈负相关。(3)负性情绪在压力源和焦虑症状之间起到部分中介作用(效应值=0.24,SE=0.02,95%CI:0.20~0.28),占总效应的58.54%;(4)社会支持调节压力源对负性情绪(R^2=0.24)和焦虑症状(R^2=0.44)的影响。结论负性情绪在压力源与焦虑症状中起着部分中介作用,并且社会支持在其中起着多重调节作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between stress sources and anxiety symptoms of medical graduate students,as well as the mediating role of negative emotion and the moderating role of social support.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1216 medical students of 16 medical colleges in 13 provinces(municipalities directly under the Central Government)by using graduate stressors scale,Hopkins symptom checklist,the positive and negative affect scale and perceived social support scale.Correlation analysis,regression analysis,SPSS-process mediation and adjustment methods were used for data processing.Results(1)The whole average score of stress source was(2.45±0.54),and the scores of anxiety symptoms,negative emotions and social support were(1.68±0.59),(2.26±0.70)and(5.28±1.01).(2)There was a positive correlation between stress and anxiety symptoms(r=0.37,P<0.01),and negative emotion(r=0.38,P<0.01)and a negative correlation between stress source and social support(r=-0.20,P<0.01).(3)Negative emotion plays a significant partial mediating role between stressors and anxiety symptoms(indirect effect value=0.24,SE=0.02,95%CI:0.20-0.28),accounted for 58.54%of the total effect.(4)Social support moderated the effects of stressors on negative emotion(R^2=0.24)and the effects of stressors on anxiety symptoms(R^2=0.44).Conclusion Negative emotion plays a partial intermediary role in stress sources and anxiety symptoms,and social support plays a multiple moderating role.