认知偏向矫正训练的抗焦虑作用及其机制

Antianxiety effect and mechanisms of cognitive bias modification

负性认知偏向与焦虑的发生发展密切相关,研究者借助认知偏向矫正训练改善焦虑人群的负性认知偏向和焦虑症状。本文通过文献检索,分析当前干预研究取得的进展。检索近十年来以认知偏向矫正和焦虑为关键词的中英文文献,共纳入研究71篇。常见的认知偏向矫正训练又分为注意偏向矫正训练和解释偏向矫正训练,这两类训练都能有效改善负性认知偏向,但对焦虑的改善作用存在争议。将认知偏向矫正训练与认知行为治疗相结合的尝试取得了积极的效果。对认知偏向矫正脑机制的干预研究提供了神经生理依据。认知偏向矫正训练具有改善负性认知偏向的作用,可以与传统认知行为治疗结合,共同改善焦虑症状。

Negative cognitive bias is closely linked with the production and development of anxiety disorder.Recently,cognitive bias modification(CBM)has been developed to correct negative cognitive bias in anxiety.By retrieving literature researches,this paper analyzed the progress of cognitive bias modification intervention.Seventy-one literatures published in the last decade and with key words of cognitive bias and anxiety were included.Attentional bias modification and interpretation bias modification are the most useful treatment which could improve negative cognitive bias,however the controversial remains about the training effect of CBM on anxiety symptoms.Researchers have found positive results when cognitive bias modification and cognitive behavior therapy(CBT)are combined to treat anxiety disorder.Researches on the brain mechanism of cognitive bias modification provide the neurophysiological basis for the occurrence of the intervention.Cognitive bias modification help to improve negative cognitive bias in anxiety.Combination of CBM and CBT is an effective method of anxiety treatment.