新中国汉语手指字母的演变及其设计思想分析

Comparative Analysis of Evolution of Finger Letter in China and Its Design Ideas (1949-Present)

新修订的《汉语手指字母方案》已于2019年11月1日正式实施。本文回顾了《汉语手指字母方案》研究的历史背景,阐释《汉语手指字母方案》音素化的设计思想显著区别于其他各种手指字母方案和音节指式方案,集科学性、国际性、民族性、简明性于一体,具有鲜明的中国特色。此外,本文根据半个多世纪汉语手指字母使用中发现的问题和手语语言学相关理论,介绍了《汉语手指字母方案》的修订原则、过程和主要内容。

The newly revised Chinese Finger Letter Program was officially promulgated on November 1, 2019. This paper reviewed its historical background and expounded its phonemic design idea. Compared with other finger letter schemes and syllable finger schemes, the Chinese Finger Letter Program is significantly different regarding its scientific nature, internationalism, nationalism and conciseness, and is endowed with distinct Chinese characteristics. The principle for and process of revision,the key points of the program were also introduced, based on the problems occurred in its implementation over the past half century and the development of sign language linguistics theory.