文山州无偿献血现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the status of voluntary blood donation in Wenshan Prefecture,China

目的通过相关数据整理分析,了解文山州无偿献血工作现状,为下一步工作提供参考依据。方法围绕2017年文山州献血人次、献血量、献血模式等指标及献血人群民族、性别、年龄、学历、职业等特征进行分析,并与上年度和全国总体情况比较。结果文山州献血人次、献血量总体呈增长趋势,以400 m L献血为主,献血模式以街头个体献血为主要方式,千人口献血率(8.81%)、人均献血量(3.14 mL)低于全国总体水平,不同民族千人口献血率有差异(P<0.05),各县(市)千人口献血率有较大差距,献血年龄段集中18—44岁,呈良好态势,献血学历以初中、高中、专科为多数,职业以自由职业占比最大。结论文山州无偿献血工作与全国总体情况相比差距较大,还是要长期坚持政府主导,加大宣传组织力度,提高民众参与率;坚持精准识别,精准发力,针对不同少数民族人群采取个性化宣传招募方式,让少数民族献血共同提升,解决因少数民族血型分布差异造成偏型性用血紧张;立足长远,探索建立无偿献血长效机制,营造良好氛围,促进无偿献血工作可持续发展。

Objective To understand the status quo of voluntary blood donation in Wenshan through demographic characteristic analysis of donors,so as to provide a reference basis for the future work.Methods The indexes such as the number of blood donors,the amount of blood donation,the model of blood donation and the demographic characteristics of blood donors(including nationality,sex,age,education and occupation,etc.)in Wenshan prefecture in 2017 were analyzed,and compared with the overall situation of the whole country in the previous year.Results The overall growth trend of blood donors and blood donation in Wenshan prefecture was increasing.Individual donors who donated voluntarily in blood collecting vehicles with donations in units of 400 m Laccounted for the main donors.The blood donation rate per 1000 people and the amount of blood donation per capita were lower than the mean national levels.The blood donation rate per 1000 people varied among different ethnic minorities and different levels of administrative regions(counties and cities etc.)in Wenshan.Donors aged within 18—44 years old,with educational backgrounds of junior high school,senior high school and junior college,and self-employer occupations were the main.Conclusion Wenshan prefecture has significantly lower blood donation rates than other areas in China.Currently,the local government,with a series of incentive policies to release,is the directing force of blood donation promotion to increase the rate of public participation.In addition,culturally tailored interventions for minority population help with increasing blood donation and solving the supply tension of certain blood type owing to the varied distribution of blood types of ethnic minorities.